A Research Project Management Team - 1502 Words

As a BAE Project Manager, I will focus on three critical areas. Primarily, I will concentrate with providing centralized location to share information and to improve communication. Secondly, limit the persistent request for changes and lastly, hire an experienced Chief Airport Engineer. Addressing the three critical areas I have stated above does not guarantee a success of the project; nevertheless, I am confident they will assist with project outcome. Centralized Communication Method First, I will be providing a fully functioning centralized location to share information and to communicate with the project stakeholders. As I am aware, a way to great communication reduces the risk impact and positively affects a project success (Foong,†¦show more content†¦Therefore, it is essential to establish controlled communication system from day one. In addition, the work scope document separated the cities from the consultants’ responsibilities. I would create a centralized database system with communication system between the project stakeholders. Along the centralized database and new-shared network for better communication, it will eliminate the redundancy in data and provide real time view of the project to everyone. I believe with the new system implanted, it will allow tasks like a cost performance index and a schedule performance index. This will help to represent a better estimate of current project. In addition, decision can be made by the computer and allow enhanced control of the 400 firms involved in the project. For example when there is part of the project that is falling behind, we could distribute more resources to the particular area. I expect the new system to have learning curve, however while we are looking at the works to peak 9,000 to 10,000, the new system will allow better controls over the project. I would implement this centralized communications system early on to have all the stakeholders understand they will be held accountable and to mitigate some of the risk tolerance. Acceptance of Modifications The second critical area I want to address is to limit the constant request for changes. Even though a freeze

Compare/contrast Buddhism and Judaism free essay sample

Steeped in culture, rules, and traditions that go back for thousands of years, both Judaism and Buddhism provide a way of life and spiritual path for their follows. The comparison of these seemingly vastly different religions is important for numerous reasons. The main reason being that these two faiths are two of four major world religions. We also live in a very global society these days and the more we can understand and find common ground with people who initially seem different than us can really effect both world and personal relations. Judaism’s members follow their faith as a way to bring them closer to the one and only God. Buddhism, commonly referred to as the world’s oldest living religion, is a religion based on the philosophical study of nature and oneself. Two drastically differing religions that have the exact same goal: Live your life in a way that makes you deserving of the reward that waits for you after this life. What a simple idea, yet confusing. The same goal with two distinct ways in which each believe they will attain it. This paper will highlight the differences as well as similarities concerning the values each religion lives by, their idea of freedom and what it means, and what both religions feel their purpose is here on Earth. A corner stone for each religion and its followers is its set of values and beliefs, providing structure to their faith and way life. Judaism is a religion that is indebted to God, the creator, and focuses on laws and customs to show devotion. By following the Ten Commandments and the 613 Mitzvots, Jews are bringing themselves to God. The Mitzvots are regulations to live by, primarily concerning the individual. It is a thick rule book of 248 do’s and 365 do not’s that Judaism’s followers focus on. From the synagogue, religious preparations, attire, life happenings, food, and more. All aspects of life are considered and guidelines for each are set forth. It is through heeding these guidelines, that Jews will become godly, God will raise them above all others of the world as his chosen people, and they will become lagoyim (a light to the nations). This is their reward for their strict adherence to their faith. Similarly, Buddhists have laws that govern life, The Four Noble Truths; the fourth of which is The Eightfold Path. These â€Å"rights† lead Buddhists toward the goal of enlightenment and ultimately, Nirvana. Karma, both good and bad, from this life or a previous one, is dependent upon how well one decides to stick to the path based on their actions. â€Å"Every action we perform leaves an imprint on our very subtle mind, and each imprint eventually gives rise to its own effect† (Gyatsu, 2008). Buddhism has an optimistic approach in laying out the values and morals for its followers; The Eightfold Path is a list of 8 things to strive to do right: Right livelihood, right mindfulness, right action, right speech, etc. These things done and understood completely will lead to enlightenment meaning complete understanding. Enlightenment is the goal and nirvana, the reward. Freedom is a common and important thread that is entwined within both of these vastly different faiths. Twice, the sons and daughters of Israel have had their freedom taken from them. In ancient Egypt, the Hebrew people were enslaved and forced to labor and serve the pharaohs. They were delivered from slavery through God, His prophet and his miracles. On September 15, 1935, The Nuremberg laws passed in Nazi Germany. These laws were designed to restrict the freedom of the Jews leading up to their attempted annihilation. By the end of WWII, 6,000,000 Jews were murdered after first being imprisoned. That was 2/3 of the Jewish population in Europe and 1/3 of the world’s (Berman, 2013). Their deliverance from slavery in ancient Egypt is celebrated through Passover, which recalls the miracles in Egypt leading to their liberation. Passover, the first of the major Jewish festivals mentioned in the Bible, is observed and celebrated by more Jews than any other holiday in the Jewish calendar (Kolatch, 2000). It symbolizes the ideal of freedom through words and deeds. Freedom for Buddhists is again, philosophical. It is freedom from attachment and desire; freedom from samsara, which is a cycle of suffering and imprisonment which Buddhists wish to escape from. For Buddhists, the cycle of rebirth is their imprisonment. To quote the Buddha, â€Å"Just as there is only one taste in the ocean—the taste of salt—so in Buddhism there is only one taste. The taste of Freedom. † (Write, 2010). What comes after moksha, the freedom from samsara, is something that is undefined in the Buddhist religion. The uncertainty of what comes next is not something that takes up the time of Buddhism’s followers. The release from karma and rebirth is what is important. Freedom from mortal life, pain and suffering is what is desired. Aside from whom or how Jews or Buddhists worship, or what they hope to gain at the end of their lives spiritually, each religion has a purpose for why they are on this earth. Delving into Judaism’s history, there is a medieval mystical doctrine called Tikkun Olam. This mystical doctrine speaks of the purpose of Judaism, which is for the repair of the world. It speaks about how all Jews are responsible for one another. The Pesach Seder Celebration also known as Passover, not only commemorates freedom from Egypt, but also reminding practitioners to reach out to the poor, strangers and slaves ( the word slave not only meant in a physical sense, but those who are being oppressed in any way). Passover reminds Jews that their ancestors were once strangers and slaves in a foreign land while in Egypt. By reaching out and helping those in need, one kind act at a time, the world is becoming a better place. Ultimately, the reparation of the world will come when God raises them above the other nations of the world as his chosen people, and they become lagoyim. In order for them to be a part in the repairing of the world, the Jews must abide by their laws and way of life. Buddhism as well has a purpose similar to that of Judaism. Theirs is working for and achieving social harmony. â€Å"Human beings are not our enemy. Our enemy is not the other person. When we are armed with compassion and understanding, we fight not against other people, but against the tendency to invade, to dominate, and to exploit† (Hanh, 2001). Through good works and spreading wisdom, Buddhism strives to bring peace to the people of the world. This paper covered two religions that predate Christianity. They are both rich in culture, stories, and devotion. Judaism and Buddhism at first glance, are worlds apart concerning lifestyles, practices, beliefs and even attire. However, those who practice these two religions, live their lives very similarly. They both follow moral and religious values to reach their ultimate goal. The path to that goal as well as the goal itself is what makes each a religion of their very own. Jews have their traditions and Buddhists their karma. â€Å"When we do what is good, the goodness of the world meets us and affirms our choice†¦the notion that I am destined for some terrible fate or that the choices I have already made condemn me to a future I cannot change is here completely negated† (Newman, Schulweis Kedar, 2010). Judaism doesn’t value karma-like beliefs just as Buddhism doesn’t value rules, regulations, and traditions concerning God. Although the contexts in which Judaism and Buddhism refer to freedom differ dramatically, it is a major part of both religions. Both religions value and celebrate freedom. In Judaism, freedom is referred to in a physical way, actual freedom from bondage. Buddhist freedom is spiritual. Rebirth is considered to be a punishment. One must find the path and become enlightened to achieve moksha. When considering the purposes of these two religions while on this earth, they are the same regarding the fact that they both reach out to those in need. Buddhists concentrate on the tasks in the here and now while Judaism focuses on guidelines to live by to fulfill their commitment to God as His chosen people. Their earthly purpose is to follow the rules so they can serve when the time comes to repair the world and the devoted ascend. Both want to see the people of the world better off.

Harold Krebs in Soldiers Home Essay Example

Harold Krebs in Soldiers Home Essay In Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Soldier’s Home† Harold Krebs, a U.S Marine returns home from fighting in World War I to his small town in Oklahoma. The reader experiences the hardships and struggles Harold faces while adjusting to his new reality back home. The short story reflects Harold’s attempt at reintegration while struggling to reconcile his experience at war, with the society he returns to. He has clearly been affected emotionally and mentally by the atrocities of war, so very foreign to his family and community. When Harold returns home from war, everything feels like a struggle for him. The simplest of tasks become exhausting as he struggles to cope. Even his routine of waking up, washing, shaving, dressing and eating was complicated by his mother’s desire for interaction. Harold noticed that the girls left behind when he went to war were much older now, and while he found them more attractive than European girls, he didn’t findâ€Å"the courage or the energy to break into it† with the local girls due to the complication of having to interact with them (167).The lack of structure and employment resulted in Harold creating his own routine to reduce stress, â€Å"sleeping late in bed, getting up to walk downtown to the library to get a book, eating lunch at home, reading on the front porch until he became board and then walking down through the town to spend the hottest hours of the day in the cool dark of the pool roomin the evening he practiced on his clarinet, stroll ed downtown, read, and went to bed† (168) all without meaningful connection with other people in his life. We will write a custom essay sample on Harold Krebs in Soldiers Home specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Harold Krebs in Soldiers Home specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Harold Krebs in Soldiers Home specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Prior to his return, post World War I, civilians idolized soldiers and wanted to only recount the heroic and uplifting stories. Harold returned home with the second division, leaving towns folk already having heard stories of the war’s atrocities, requiring Harold to lie to get a response. Harold â€Å"..felt the need to talk [about the war] b

The Difference Between Avere and Tenere

The Difference Between Avere and Tenere Learning a new language is not only tough because there are thousands of new words to learn, but even tougher because those words often overlap in meaning. This is definitely the case with the two verbs in Italian - â€Å"tenere - to hold, to keep† and â€Å"avere - to have, to obtain, to hold†. What are the main differences? First, tenere is often understood as to keep or to hold, like to keep a window open, keep a secret or hold a baby. Avere is to understood as meaning, to have, in the sense of possession, like age, fear, or an iPhone. Second, tenere is used, more often in the south, particularly in Naples, in the place of avere, but grammatically, its incorrect. Meaning, even if you hear Tengo 27 anni or Tengo fame, its not grammatically correct. Here are some situations where choosing between avere and tenere might be tricky. Physical Possession 1.) To have/keep an item Ho una mela, ma voglio mangiare un’arancia. - I have an apple, but I want to eat an orange.Non ho una borsa che si abbina a/con questo vestito. - I don’t have a purse that matches this dress.Ho il nuovo iPhone. - I have a new iPhone. In the situation above, you couldnt use tenere as a substitute for avere. Tengo questo iPhone fino alluscita di quello nuovo. - Im keeping this iPhone until the new one comes out. 2.) To not have any money Non ho una lira. - I dont have any money. Here, you can use tenere, but avere is still preferred. Non tengo una lira. - I dont have any money. Non avere/tenere una lira is an expression that literally means, I dont have one lira. To Maintain a Situation 1.) Keep/have a secret È un segreto che tengo per Silvia, quindi non posso dirtelo. - Its a secret that Im keeping for Silvia, so I cant tell it to you. However, if you have a secret and youre not keeping a secret for anybody, you can just use avere. Ho un segreto. Ho un amante! - I have a secret. I have a lover! 2.) Have/keep in pockets Ha le mani in tasca. - He has his hands in his pockets. In this situation, both avere and tenere can be used. Tiene le mani in tasca. - He has (keeps) his hands in his pockets. 3.) Have/keep In mind Ti spiegherà ² quello che ho in mente. - Ill explain to you what I have in mind. In this context, avere and tenere can both be used although the sentence structure will change. Tieni in mente quello che ti ho detto ieri. – Keep in mind what I told you yesterday. To Hold Something 1.) Hold/have a baby in your arms Tiene in braccio un bimbo. Il bebà © ha sei mesi. - She is holding a baby in her arm. The baby is six months. In this situation, you can use avere interchangeably. Ha in braccio un bimbo. Il bebà © ha sei mesi. - She is holding a baby in her arm. The baby is six months. 2.) Have a bouquet of flowers Perchà © hai un mazzo di fiori? Hai molti spasimanti? - Why do you have a bouquet of flowers? Do you have a lot of admirers?Non posso rispondere perchà ¨ ho un mazzo di fiori in mano. - I can’t answer the phone because I’m holding a bouquet of flowers. Then, the person youre talking to might respond to you using the verb tenere. Rispondi, che te lo tengo io. - Answer, and I’ll hold it for you. 3.) Hold a bouquet with style La sposa tiene il bouquet con classe. - The bride holds the bouquet in her hands with style. In the example above, tenere is used to stress the way she holds the bouquet. To help make this easier, use tenere whenever you have something that youre physically holding in mano - in your hands or in braccio - in your arms. It can also be used in figurative expressions, as you saw tenere in mente, but since we would be likely to translate that as keep in mind, its easier to distinguish from avere. Avere, on the other hand, is used to talk about something you possess, either literally or figuratively. If you find yourself in conversation, and you cant think of which one is right to use, its best to ask yourself what the simplest meaning is.  For example, instead of saying, He had a change of heart, you can say, He changed his mind or â€Å"Ha cambiato idea†.

English as a Foreign Language (EFL) - Definitions

English as a Foreign Language (EFL) - Definitions Definition A traditional term for the use or study of the English language by non-native speakers in countries where English is generally not a local medium of communication. English as a Foreign Language (EFL) corresponds roughly to the Expanding Circle described by linguist Braj Kachru in Standards, Codification and Sociolinguistic Realism: The English Language in the Outer Circle (1985). See examples and observations below. Also see: English as a Second LanguageTop Four ESL WebsitesCommunicative CompetenceContrastive RhetoricEnglish as an Additional LanguageEnglish as a Lingua FrancaEnglish as a Native LanguageEnglish as a Second LanguageGlobal EnglishInner Circle, Outer Circle, Expanding CircleInterlanguageNative SpeakerismNew EnglishesNotes on English as a Global LanguageSecond Language (L2)World English Example and Observations: ESL and EFL instructional approaches differ in significant ways. ESL is based on the premise that English is the language of the community and the school and that students have access to English models. EFL is usually learned in environments where the language of the community and the school is not English. EFL teachers have the difficult task of finding access to and providing English models for their students. . . . As the number of ESL students has increased in schools across North America, more classrooms and school have become more like EFL than ESL environments.(Lee Gunderson, ESL (ELL) Literacy Instruction: A Guidebook to Theory and Practice, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2009)Distinctions Between ESL and EFLAlthough ESL (English as Second Language) and EFL (English as Foreign Language) are often used interchangeably, there are unique differences between the two. . . .ESL countries are nations where the medium of instruction in education and government is in English, although English may not be the native language.On the other hand, EFL countries do not use English as a medium of instruction but English is taught in schools. Malaysia was once considered an ESL country but now leans more towards EFL.The methods and approaches of teaching English as a second language and foreign language do differ greatly.(Christopher Fernandez, Of English Teachers Then and Now. The Star [Malaysia], November 11, 2012)The distinction between second language and foreign language is not, however, a sharp one, and there are cases, like Indonesia, where classification is disputable. Moreover, there is a considerable amount of variation in the roles played by second languages, for example in education, in the fields of discourse used, and in the giving of prestige or power. In India, the medium of instruction in schools was changed from English to the regional languages after Independence, and subsequently there has been a gradual process of Indianization of the universities, which at one time were all English-medium.(Charles Barber, The English Language: A Historical Introduction. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2000)Indonesia, a former Dutch colony, used to emphasize the teaching of Dutch . . .. The movement towards English as a foreign language began at independence, and English is now the main foreign language being learned in Indonesia. English is taught for eight or nine years from primary school (from Grade 4 or 5) through high school (Renandya, 2000). The main objective is to provide reading skills to enable Indonesians to read science-related materials in English.(Maria Lourdes S. Bautista and Andrew B. Gonzalez, Southeast Asian Englishes. The Handbook of World Englishes, ed. by Braj B. Kachru, Yamuna Kachru, and Cecil L. Nelson. Blackwell, 2006)

Non-strategic games Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Non-strategic games - Case Study Example Games are normally based on certain strategic principles (Condon 498-410). In non-strategic games, little skills are involved. In fact, there are no predetermined solutions and results and hence none of the players can determine how the outcome of the game would be. Experience in non-strategic games is not of essence. The crucial factor that separates this type of game and business models from the rest is that there exists relatively little chance involved. All players, or business partners in a business scenario, have equal degree of knowledge of the elements of the game or business market constraints. Little or no physical skills are required in this game. Examples of strategic games include the Mastermind, English Draughts, Chess, Go, and the Nine Men's Morris. Non-strategic games are also different from the strategic ones which involve strategic decision making. Non-strategic games do not focus on important issues of the game, they do not consider long term horizons nor do they bother with the need to be accountable. There is very little or no accounts for uncertainty. Businesses and business managers heavily employ the concept of non-strategic games in their decision making processes. A strategy or tactics in general are usually contrasted with luck. ... Wishful behaviors are not associated to strategic games. Games exist on a continuum from pure skill to pure chance, with strategic games usually towards the skill end of the spectrum (462). There exist so many non-strategic games in Europe and in other parts of the world. Some of these games are chess and other chase related games, paper and pencil games such as dot and boxes and the sprouts game, the n-in-a-row games among others. A game of skills is not a strategic game. This is precisely because the the outcome is determined mainly by mental and sometimes by the physical skills and not purely ones chance. Non-strategic games, unlike other games of skill, are not a means of exploring one's own capabilities. They also do not encourage the players to understand, look into and even experience what is happening. Technological advancement has for quite a long time encouraged the use and development of non-strategic games. Even though most games involve a degree of chance, randomization devices are used mainly to ensure that the chances of an instance repeating itself are minimal. Some of the commonly used randomization devices and games include the coin flip, the dice, playing cards and the random number generator. There is always a legal importance in the distinction between chance and the use of skills in accomplishing a given task. Chance games and even chance business management strategies and decision making models are differentiated from the ones where skills are employed. However, the legal distinction between the two terms is often vague and it varies widely from one set up to anoth er. Unlike non-strategic games, abstract strategy games are only loosely tied to a real-world theme, if at all. A small category of non-perfect and abstract strategy

Organizational Communcation Unit 7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Organizational Communcation Unit 7 - Essay Example The major advantages of team work are; the team members can learn from each other and also assist others in their mission; more flexibility in work; new ideas and suggestion can be implemented; communication and cooperation among the employees can be improved; Greater autonomy and more freedom in work which will improve the productivity of the employees etc. The major disadvantages are; all the members of the team may not be compatible with the team functions; only specific workers can be included in the team; some members may get less motivating jobs which can increase the conflicts within the team; team functioning may take longer time because of the lack of coordination at the initial stages; Rewards and punishment may be less effective; less flexibility in transferring the workers from one place/ division to another etc. (Medsker, G.J.,& Campion, M.A) Group think is the process of decision making inside a group or a team. It occurs only when the group was highly cohesive and functions in a healthy manner. Group think has certain negative impacts on the team performances since it will not spend much time for finding out the exact solutions of a problem. Because of the strong cohesion group members will not analyse the ideas of others in a critical manner which will prevent them from identifying the real, future consequences of the decision. Expert opinions will never sought by a team functioning under groupthink. (Allyn & Bacon) I believe in democratic style of leadership. Autocratic approaches will never bring the desired results when we compare the long term goals of an organization. Democratic approach always helps the employees to feel more closeness towards the organization. They will consider the problems and the achievements of the organization as their own if we implement a democratic approach in management. But at the same time we must